Polynesian Pantheon
Rangi
Also known as Ranginui (Maori), Langi (Tongan), Wakea (Hawaiian)

- sky
- fatherhood
- rain
- light
The Sky Father, husband of Papa the Earth Mother. Rangi was forced apart from his wife by their children, and now weeps for her from above, his tears falling as rain upon her body.
About Rangi
The Sky Father
Ranginui, the Sky Father, is the primordial male deity of Maori tradition, eternally paired with Papatuanuku the Earth Mother. Together they represent the fundamental duality of existence, and their separation marks the beginning of the world as we know it.
The Beginning
In the beginning, there was only Te Kore, the void, and from the void emerged Rangi and Papa, locked in an embrace so tight that their children were trapped in darkness between them. For ages, the children of Rangi and Papa lived in this cramped, lightless space.
The Separation
When the children decided to separate their parents, several attempted and failed before Tane succeeded. Lying on his back with his shoulders against Papa and his feet against Rangi, Tane slowly pushed the sky upward. Rangi clung desperately to Papa, but was finally wrenched away. The primal couple has been separated ever since.
Eternal Grief
Rangi has never stopped mourning his separation from Papa. His tears fall as rain upon her body. The mists that rise from the earth are Papa's sighs, reaching upward toward her husband. Dawn and dusk, when earth and sky seem closest, are particularly sacred times, moments when the primordial couple almost touch again.
The Stars
After the separation, Tane adorned his father with the sun, moon, and stars. These celestial bodies are Rangi's children, placed on his body as ornaments. The Milky Way is Te Ika o Rangi, the fish of Rangi, swimming across the night sky.
Origin story
Rangi emerged from Te Kore, the void, inseparably united with Papa. Their eternal embrace held the universe in darkness until their children forced them apart, creating the space between earth and sky where life could flourish.
Across traditions
Parallel figures
Figures who play a role like Rangi's in other traditions.
GreekUranusIllustrationBoth are primordial sky fathers separated from earth mothers
Compare Rangi and Uranus side by side
Worship and cult
Temples, festivals, and practices recorded for Rangi
Sky father, peeled from Papa. Same dossier: cosmology and tapu, not a ticketed shrine.
Sacred sites
- No attested temple in the surviving record
Family
In the atlas
Where Rangi appears
Sources and further reading
Source notes
These references are recorded in the catalog. Their passage wording and translation have not been checked, so quotations are not displayed here.
- Maori Genealogical Chant
About this entry
By Elizabeth Stein for Mythos Atlas. About the author. Editorial notes are grounded in the site's cited sources and can be challenged through the contact page.
Parallels are editorial comparisons across traditions: a shared role does not, by itself, establish a shared origin.
Family relationships come from the atlas's kinship records. Ancient sources often disagree on divine genealogy.
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Genealogy
Family tree
Rangi's parents, consorts, children and rivals, as recorded in the atlas.





