Aztec Pantheon
Ometeotl
A primordial dual-gendered creative principle described in some colonial-era Nahua sources as residing in Omeyocan, the highest level of the heavens, and identified with the paired deities Ometecuhtli and Omecihuatl. Whether Ometeotl represents a single, named pre-Columbian deity or is chiefly a later scholarly synthesis of the paired creator gods is a genuinely unresolved debate among specialists.
According to the Historia de los Mexicanos por sus pinturas, the dual creator, dwelling in the highest heaven of Omeyocan and known also as Tonacatecuhtli and Tonacacihuatl, engendered the four Tezcatlipoca brothers, who then undertook the work of shaping the world and its successive ages. Scholars remain divided over whether 'Ometeotl' should be understood as a single named deity in pre-Columbian thought or as a modern synthesis of the paired creator gods.
Ometeotl, meaning "Two God" or "Dual God," names a primordial, dual-gendered creative force described in a cluster of colonial-era Nahua sources, most notably the anonymous 16th-century Spanish compilation *Historia de los Mexicanos por sus pinturas*, as dwelling in Omeyocan, the thirteenth and highest level of the Aztec heavens. In this account, the dual god, also called Tonacatecuhtli and Tonacacihuatl ("Lord and Lady of Our Sustenance"), engendered the four Tezcatlipocas (Xipe Totec (the Red Tezcatlipoca), Huitzilopochtli (associated with the Blue Tezcatlipoca in this telling), Quetzalcoatl (the White Tezcatlipoca), and Tezcatlipoca proper (the Black Tezcatlipoca)) who in turn undertook the work of creating the world and the successive Suns (world-ages).