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Mythos Atlas

Side by sideParent and child

El (Ilu) vs Yam (Yammu)

El (Ilu)
El (Ilu)Canaanite Pantheon (Ugarit)
Yam (Yammu)
Yam (Yammu)Canaanite Pantheon (Ugarit)

El (Ilu) and Yam (Yammu) are recorded as parent and child in the Canaanite Pantheon (Ugarit).

At a glance

El (Ilu) and Yam (Yammu) compared
El (Ilu)Yam (Yammu)
TraditionCanaanite Pantheon (Ugarit)Canaanite Pantheon (Ugarit)
Domainskingship over the gods, creation, wisdom, the divine assemblythe sea, rivers, chaotic waters
Symbolsthe bull, grey beard, the tent at the source of the two riversthe sea, the river
Also calledIlu, Bull El (ṯr il), Father of Years (ab šnm), Creator of Creatures (bny bnwt)Prince Sea (zbl ym), Judge River (ṯpṭ nhr), Beloved of El

Where they meet

The atlas records no domain or symbol that El (Ilu) and Yam (Yammu) share.

They are compared because of how the myths connect them, not because of what they rule.

Where they part

Only El (Ilu)

Associated with kingship over the gods, creation, wisdom, and the divine assembly.

Only Yam (Yammu)

Associated with the sea, rivers, and chaotic waters.

How each was worshipped

El (Ilu)

El heads the Ugaritic offering lists; no temple at Ugarit is securely identified as his.

Yam (Yammu)

Yam receives offerings in some Ugaritic ritual lists, showing that the Sea was honoured in cult as well as defeated in myth.

The two figures

Canaanite Pantheon (Ugarit)

El (Ilu)

The aged king and father of the gods at Ugarit, 'Bull El', 'Father of Years', who presides over the divine assembly from his dwelling at the source of the two rivers and whose permission every younger god seeks.

El's name is simply the common Semitic word for "god". At Ugarit he is the head of the pantheon, the "Father of Years" and "Creator of Creatures", with a grey beard that other gods praise for its wisdom. He dwells far from the other gods "at the source of the two rivers, in the midst of the springs of the two deeps", in a tent or pavilion, and the assembly of the gods meets on his mountain. His consort is Athirat, and the gods are collectively "the sons of El".

Read the full El (Ilu) entry

Canaanite Pantheon (Ugarit)

Yam (Yammu)

The Sea as a god, 'Prince Sea, Judge River', El's favourite, who demands that Baal be handed over as his captive and is struck down by Baal's clubs.

Yam, whose name simply means "sea", is always paired in poetic parallelism with "River": he is "Prince Sea" and "Judge River". He is "beloved of El", and in the fragmentary first tablet of the Baal Cycle El proclaims his name and gives him a house built by Kothar-wa-Khasis (KTU 1.1-1.2). His power over the waters is also a claim to kingship among the gods.

Read the full Yam (Yammu) entry
About this comparison

Comparisons pair figures that play a similar role across traditions, or that the myths connect within one. A shared role does not, by itself, establish a shared origin.